{
  "name": "Valley Stream, New York",
  "url": "https://longislandtraffic.com/towns/nassau/valley-stream/",
  "updated": "2026-09-17",
  "publisher": "Long Island Traffic (https://longislandtraffic.com)",
  "methodology": "https://longislandtraffic.com/towns/methodology/",
  "reuse": "Quote with credit and a link to the page URL above. Underlying federal and state datasets are public records.",
  "geography": {
    "slug": "valley-stream",
    "county": "nassau",
    "censusName": "Valley Stream village",
    "geoType": "incorporated place",
    "legalStatus": "village",
    "geoid": "3676705",
    "gnisId": "2391182",
    "pop2020": 40634,
    "housingUnits2020": 12925,
    "landSqMi": 3.48,
    "waterSqMi": 0.02,
    "densityPerSqMi": 11684,
    "internalPoint": [
      40.66475,
      -73.7049
    ],
    "parentTown": "Hempstead town",
    "parentTownGeoid": "3605934000",
    "townShares": [
      {
        "name": "Hempstead town",
        "share": 1
      }
    ]
  },
  "fatalCrashes2010to2024": {
    "period": "2010–2024",
    "crashes": 18,
    "deaths": 18,
    "pedestrianDeaths": 7,
    "bicyclistDeaths": 1,
    "motorcyclistDeaths": 2,
    "crashesWithDriverBac08": 2,
    "multiFatalityCrashes": 0,
    "onLimitedAccessHighways": {
      "crashes": 0,
      "deaths": 0
    },
    "deathsPer100kResidentsPerYear": 3,
    "byYear": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "crashes": 1,
        "deaths": 1
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "crashes": 0,
        "deaths": 0
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "crashes": 0,
        "deaths": 0
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "crashes": 3,
        "deaths": 3
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "crashes": 2,
        "deaths": 2
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "crashes": 1,
        "deaths": 1
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "crashes": 3,
        "deaths": 3
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "crashes": 1,
        "deaths": 1
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "crashes": 4,
        "deaths": 4
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "crashes": 1,
        "deaths": 1
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "crashes": 0,
        "deaths": 0
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "crashes": 1,
        "deaths": 1
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "crashes": 1,
        "deaths": 1
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "crashes": 0,
        "deaths": 0
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "crashes": 0,
        "deaths": 0
      }
    ],
    "byTimeOfDay": {
      "known": 18,
      "morning6to10": 4,
      "midday10to16": 4,
      "evening16to20": 4,
      "night20to6": 6
    },
    "darkShare": 0.444,
    "topRoads": [
      {
        "name": "Merrick Road",
        "slug": null,
        "crashes": 4,
        "deaths": 4
      },
      {
        "name": "Sunrise Highway (NY 27)",
        "slug": "sunrise-highway",
        "crashes": 4,
        "deaths": 4
      },
      {
        "name": "Peninsula Boulevard",
        "slug": null,
        "crashes": 2,
        "deaths": 2
      },
      {
        "name": "Rockaway Pkwy",
        "slug": null,
        "crashes": 1,
        "deaths": 1
      },
      {
        "name": "Mill Rd",
        "slug": null,
        "crashes": 1,
        "deaths": 1
      },
      {
        "name": "Wheeler Ave",
        "slug": null,
        "crashes": 1,
        "deaths": 1
      },
      {
        "name": "Rockaway Ave",
        "slug": null,
        "crashes": 1,
        "deaths": 1
      },
      {
        "name": "W Merrick Dr",
        "slug": null,
        "crashes": 1,
        "deaths": 1
      }
    ],
    "roadOwnership": {
      "period": "2015–2024",
      "crashes": 12,
      "owners": [
        {
          "owner": "Town or Township Highway Agency",
          "crashes": 5
        },
        {
          "owner": "County Highway Agency",
          "crashes": 4
        },
        {
          "owner": "State Highway Agency",
          "crashes": 2
        },
        {
          "owner": "City or Municipal Highway Agency",
          "crashes": 1
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "allReportedCrashes": {
    "years": [
      "2021",
      "2022",
      "2023",
      "2024"
    ],
    "scope": "village",
    "municipalityCode": "VALLEY STREAM",
    "label": "Village of Valley Stream",
    "total": 3535,
    "fatal": 1,
    "injury": 1003,
    "propertyDamageOnly": 2531,
    "byYear": {
      "2021": 919,
      "2022": 960,
      "2023": 829,
      "2024": 827
    },
    "pedestrian": 102,
    "bicyclist": 49,
    "deer": 0,
    "otherAnimal": 3
  },
  "commute": {
    "workers16plus": 21148,
    "commutersNotWorkingFromHome": 18518,
    "meanTravelMinutes": {
      "value": 40.7,
      "moe": 4.7,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pct60MinPlus": {
      "value": 25.9,
      "moe": 3.6,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pct90MinPlus": {
      "value": 10.2,
      "moe": 2.8,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctUnder15Min": {
      "value": 13.4,
      "moe": 2.6,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctDroveAlone": {
      "value": 54.9,
      "moe": 3.6,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctCarpooled": {
      "value": 8,
      "moe": 2.6,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctPublicTransit": {
      "value": 19.7,
      "moe": 2.8,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctCommuterRail": {
      "value": 8.6,
      "moe": 2.1,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctBus": {
      "value": 5.4,
      "moe": 1.4,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctWalked": {
      "value": 2.7,
      "moe": 1.4,
      "lowReliability": true
    },
    "pctBicycle": {
      "value": 0.5,
      "moe": 0.4,
      "lowReliability": true
    },
    "pctWorkedFromHome": {
      "value": 12.4,
      "moe": 2.2,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctLeaveBefore6am": {
      "value": 15.6,
      "moe": 2.8,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctLeaveBefore7am": {
      "value": 30,
      "moe": 3.6,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "households": 12340,
    "pctNoVehicle": {
      "value": 5.6,
      "moe": 1.7,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctThreePlusVehicles": {
      "value": 25.3,
      "moe": 3.6,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "medianHouseholdIncome": {
      "value": 133190,
      "moe": 13357
    },
    "medianAge": {
      "value": 40.9,
      "moe": 1.3
    }
  },
  "benchmarks": {
    "county": {
      "workers16plus": 679059,
      "commutersNotWorkingFromHome": 573233,
      "meanTravelMinutes": {
        "value": 36,
        "moe": 0.5,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pct60MinPlus": {
        "value": 22.3,
        "moe": 0.5,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pct90MinPlus": {
        "value": 7.6,
        "moe": 0.3,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctUnder15Min": {
        "value": 17.9,
        "moe": 0.5,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctDroveAlone": {
        "value": 60.7,
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      },
      "pctCarpooled": {
        "value": 7.3,
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      },
      "pctPublicTransit": {
        "value": 12.5,
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        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctCommuterRail": {
        "value": 7.1,
        "moe": 0.3,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctBus": {
        "value": 2.2,
        "moe": 0.2,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctWalked": {
        "value": 2,
        "moe": 0.2,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctBicycle": {
        "value": 0.2,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctWorkedFromHome": {
        "value": 15.6,
        "moe": 0.4,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctLeaveBefore6am": {
        "value": 10.8,
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      "pctLeaveBefore7am": {
        "value": 26.6,
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        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "households": 458166,
      "pctNoVehicle": {
        "value": 6.8,
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      },
      "pctThreePlusVehicles": {
        "value": 23.3,
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        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "medianHouseholdIncome": {
        "value": 146202,
        "moe": 1472
      },
      "medianAge": {
        "value": 42,
        "moe": 0.2
      }
    },
    "state": {
      "workers16plus": 9306567,
      "commutersNotWorkingFromHome": 7916632,
      "meanTravelMinutes": {
        "value": 32.6,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pct60MinPlus": {
        "value": 16.8,
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      },
      "pct90MinPlus": {
        "value": 5.3,
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      },
      "pctUnder15Min": {
        "value": 20.5,
        "moe": 0.2,
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      },
      "pctDroveAlone": {
        "value": 48.8,
        "moe": 0.1,
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      },
      "pctCarpooled": {
        "value": 6.3,
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      },
      "pctPublicTransit": {
        "value": 21.6,
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      },
      "pctCommuterRail": {
        "value": 1.8,
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      },
      "pctBus": {
        "value": 5.1,
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      },
      "pctWalked": {
        "value": 5.6,
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      },
      "pctBicycle": {
        "value": 0.8,
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      },
      "pctWorkedFromHome": {
        "value": 14.9,
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      },
      "pctLeaveBefore6am": {
        "value": 10.6,
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      },
      "pctLeaveBefore7am": {
        "value": 26.3,
        "moe": 0.2,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "households": 7722646,
      "pctNoVehicle": {
        "value": 29.2,
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        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctThreePlusVehicles": {
        "value": 11.8,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "medianHouseholdIncome": {
        "value": 85974,
        "moe": 402
      },
      "medianAge": {
        "value": 39.8,
        "moe": 0.1
      }
    },
    "nation": {
      "workers16plus": 159114094,
      "commutersNotWorkingFromHome": 135071605,
      "meanTravelMinutes": {
        "value": 26.4,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pct60MinPlus": {
        "value": 8.6,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pct90MinPlus": {
        "value": 2.7,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctUnder15Min": {
        "value": 26,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctDroveAlone": {
        "value": 68.8,
        "moe": 0.1,
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      },
      "pctCarpooled": {
        "value": 8.5,
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      },
      "pctPublicTransit": {
        "value": 3.2,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctCommuterRail": {
        "value": 0.3,
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      },
      "pctBus": {
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      },
      "pctWalked": {
        "value": 2.4,
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      },
      "pctBicycle": {
        "value": 0.4,
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      },
      "pctWorkedFromHome": {
        "value": 15.1,
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      },
      "pctLeaveBefore6am": {
        "value": 14.4,
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      },
      "pctLeaveBefore7am": {
        "value": 32.5,
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      },
      "households": 129227496,
      "pctNoVehicle": {
        "value": 8.4,
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        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctThreePlusVehicles": {
        "value": 21.9,
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        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "medianHouseholdIncome": {
        "value": 80734,
        "moe": 166
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      "medianAge": {
        "value": 38.9,
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    }
  },
  "research": {
    "researchedAt": "2026-09-17",
    "identity": {
      "officialName": "Incorporated Village of Valley Stream",
      "placeType": "incorporated village",
      "parentTown": "Town of Hempstead",
      "alsoIn": [],
      "formerNames": [],
      "nameOrigin": null,
      "founded": null,
      "incorporated": null,
      "gnisId": null,
      "wikidataId": null
    },
    "quickFacts": [
      {
        "label": "Legal status",
        "value": "Incorporated village in the Town of Hempstead, Nassau County",
        "src": [
          1,
          8
        ]
      },
      {
        "label": "Village Hall",
        "value": "123 South Central Avenue, Valley Stream, NY 11580",
        "src": [
          3
        ]
      },
      {
        "label": "Policing",
        "value": "Nassau County Police Department, Fifth Precinct (Elmont); the village government's own department list shows a Civilian Patrol, not a separate municipal police department",
        "src": [
          5,
          3
        ]
      },
      {
        "label": "Main state road",
        "value": "NY 27 (Sunrise Highway)",
        "src": [
          6
        ]
      },
      {
        "label": "Historical society",
        "value": "Valley Stream Historical Society, founded 1973, operates the Pagan-Fletcher Restoration house museum",
        "src": [
          7
        ]
      }
    ],
    "timeline": [
      {
        "date": "1643-12-13",
        "label": "Hempstead deed",
        "text": "English emissaries negotiated the land deed that founded the Town of Hempstead, within which Valley Stream later formed.",
        "src": [
          1
        ]
      },
      {
        "date": "1973",
        "label": "Historical society founded",
        "text": "The Valley Stream Historical Society was founded and later took on stewardship of the Pagan-Fletcher Restoration house.",
        "src": [
          7
        ]
      },
      {
        "date": "2009-03-31",
        "label": "10 East Realty decision",
        "text": "The New York Court of Appeals reversed the Appellate Division and reinstated a judgment upholding the Village's sale of municipal land on a purchase-money mortgage.",
        "src": [
          9
        ]
      }
    ],
    "sections": [
      {
        "id": "history",
        "heading": "History",
        "paragraphs": [
          "Valley Stream lies within the Town of Hempstead, whose founding deed was negotiated on December 13, 1643, between English emissaries and representatives the Town's own archives name as the Reuckowacky, the Merockes, Matinecock and Massapequas.[1] A trolley line built in the early 1900s linked Valley Stream with Mineola, Freeport and Hempstead, part of the wider transportation growth the Town describes across its constituent communities.[2] The Town of Hempstead today comprises 34 unincorporated areas and 22 incorporated villages, of which Valley Stream is one.[8]",
          "The Valley Stream Historical Society, a nonprofit founded in 1973, maintains the Pagan-Fletcher Restoration, a restored historic house at 143 Hendrickson Avenue that is open to the public on Sundays from 1:00 p.m. to 4:00 p.m.[7]"
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "roads",
        "heading": "How the roads got here",
        "paragraphs": [
          "New York State's official touring-route description routes NY 27 (Sunrise Highway) \"to Valley Stream, Lynbrook, Rockville Centre, Freeport, Massapequa Park\" and points east, identifying it as a state-maintained through route.[6] A separate stretch of Sunrise Highway and NY 27 farther east carries a POW-MIA Memorial Highway designation, according to the same state document, though that named designation covers South Valley Stream and communities beyond rather than the village of Valley Stream itself.[6]"
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "law",
        "heading": "Law and legal history",
        "paragraphs": [
          "In 2002 the Incorporated Village of Valley Stream sold a village-owned parcel to a private buyer, 1 E. Lincoln Realty Corp., for $275,000 payable over 15 years at 5% interest, taking back a purchase-money mortgage to secure the deferred payments.[9] A civic organization and several residents brought a CPLR article 78 proceeding to annul the sale, arguing the arrangement was an unconstitutional municipal loan under the Gift or Loan Clause of the New York Constitution, article VIII, section 1.[9] The Appellate Division agreed and held the mortgage was a prohibited loan, but in 10 East Realty, LLC v. Incorporated Village of Valley Stream, 12 N.Y.3d 212 (2009), the Court of Appeals reversed, holding that a purchase-money mortgage taken to secure the seller's own deferred purchase price is not a \"loan\" within the meaning of the Gift or Loan Clause, and reinstated the trial court's judgment upholding the sale.[9]"
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "government",
        "heading": "Government, courts and policing",
        "paragraphs": [
          "The Nassau County Police Department's Fifth Precinct, based at 1655 Dutch Broadway in Elmont, lists Valley Stream and North Valley Stream among the communities it serves.[5]",
          "The Village of Valley Stream operates its own Village Justice Court at 123 South Central Avenue, open Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.[3] Larger civil and criminal matters go to the Nassau County District Court at 99 Main Street, Hempstead, which decides civil suits up to $15,000, handles misdemeanors and lesser offenses, and arraigns felony defendants, and to the Nassau County Supreme Court at 100 Supreme Court Drive, Mineola, which hears higher-value civil matters and felony prosecutions outside New York City.[11][12]",
          "Of the roads associated with the village, NY 27 (Sunrise Highway) is a state touring route maintained by the New York State Department of Transportation.[6]"
        ]
      }
    ],
    "legalCases": [
      {
        "name": "10 East Realty, LLC v. Incorporated Village of Valley Stream",
        "citation": "12 N.Y.3d 212 (2009)",
        "court": "New York Court of Appeals",
        "year": 2009,
        "connection": "Arose from the Village's 2002 sale of a village-owned parking-lot parcel to a private entity, challenged by a civic organization and Village residents.",
        "holding": "The Court of Appeals reversed the Appellate Division's holding that the Village's purchase-money mortgage was an unconstitutional loan, and reinstated the Supreme Court's judgment upholding the sale; a purchase-money mortgage securing a deferred purchase price is not a \"loan\" under the Gift or Loan Clause, N.Y. Const. art. VIII, section 1.",
        "src": [
          9
        ]
      }
    ],
    "landmarks": [
      {
        "name": "Pagan-Fletcher Restoration",
        "designation": "Historic house museum operated by the Valley Stream Historical Society, 143 Hendrickson Avenue",
        "src": [
          7
        ]
      }
    ],
    "notableFacts": [
      {
        "text": "The Village of Valley Stream's formal name of record, used in its own court captions, is the 'Incorporated Village of Valley Stream.'",
        "src": [
          9
        ]
      },
      {
        "text": "In 10 East Realty, LLC v. Incorporated Village of Valley Stream, 12 N.Y.3d 212 (2009), New York's highest court held that a village may accept a purchase-money mortgage as payment for municipal land sold to a private buyer without violating the state constitution's Gift or Loan Clause.",
        "src": [
          9
        ]
      },
      {
        "text": "The Valley Stream Historical Society, founded in 1973, operates the Pagan-Fletcher Restoration, a historic house at 143 Hendrickson Avenue open to the public on Sundays.",
        "src": [
          7
        ]
      },
      {
        "text": "The Village of Valley Stream's own department directory lists a Civilian Patrol rather than a municipal police department; the Nassau County Police Department's Fifth Precinct in Elmont provides primary law enforcement.",
        "src": [
          3
        ]
      },
      {
        "text": "New York State's official touring-route description for NY 27 routes Sunrise Highway through Valley Stream on its way to Lynbrook and Rockville Centre.",
        "src": [
          6
        ]
      }
    ],
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": 1,
        "title": "History of the Town",
        "publisher": "Town of Hempstead (Town Clerk Archives)",
        "url": "https://hempsteadny.gov/475/History-of-the-Town",
        "year": "n.d.",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 2,
        "title": "History of the Town (trolley era)",
        "publisher": "Town of Hempstead (Town Clerk Archives)",
        "url": "https://hempsteadny.gov/475/History-of-the-Town",
        "year": "n.d.",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 3,
        "title": "Village of Valley Stream - Departments",
        "publisher": "Village of Valley Stream",
        "url": "https://valleystreamny.gov/departments/",
        "year": "2026",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 5,
        "title": "About Fifth Precinct",
        "publisher": "Nassau County Police Department",
        "url": "https://www.pdcn.org/289/About-Precinct",
        "year": "n.d.",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 6,
        "title": "Official Description of Highway Touring Routes, Bicycle Touring Routes, Scenic Byways, & Commemorative/Memorial Designations in New York State",
        "publisher": "New York State Department of Transportation, Office of Traffic Safety & Mobility",
        "url": "https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/operating/oom/transportation-systems/repository/2017%20tour-bk.pdf",
        "year": "2017",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 7,
        "title": "Valley Stream Historical Society (home page)",
        "publisher": "Valley Stream Historical Society",
        "url": "https://valleystreamny.gov/historical",
        "year": "2026",
        "type": "historical-society"
      },
      {
        "id": 8,
        "title": "History of the Town (village count)",
        "publisher": "Town of Hempstead (Town Clerk Archives)",
        "url": "https://hempsteadny.gov/475/History-of-the-Town",
        "year": "n.d.",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 9,
        "title": "10 East Realty, LLC v. Incorporated Village of Valley Stream, 12 N.Y.3d 212 (2009)",
        "publisher": "Caselaw Access Project, Harvard Law School Library",
        "url": "https://static.case.law/ny3d/12/html/0212-01.html",
        "year": "2009",
        "type": "court"
      },
      {
        "id": 11,
        "title": "Nassau County District Court",
        "publisher": "New York State Unified Court System",
        "url": "https://www.nycourts.gov/courts/10th-jd-nassau/nassau-county-district-court",
        "year": "2026",
        "type": "court"
      },
      {
        "id": 12,
        "title": "Nassau County Supreme Court",
        "publisher": "New York State Unified Court System",
        "url": "https://www.nycourts.gov/courts/10th-jd-nassau/nassau-county-supreme-court",
        "year": "2026",
        "type": "court"
      },
      {
        "id": 13,
        "title": "South Nassau (location page)",
        "publisher": "Mount Sinai South Nassau",
        "url": "https://www.mountsinai.org/locations/south-nassau",
        "year": "2026",
        "type": "institution"
      }
    ]
  },
  "dataSources": {
    "census2020": {
      "name": "U.S. Census Bureau, TIGERweb — 2020 Census tabulation geography (POP100, HU100, AREALAND)",
      "url": "https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/tigerWMS_Census2020/MapServer",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-17"
    },
    "acs": {
      "name": "U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2020–2024 5-Year Estimates, tables B08303, B08013, B08301, B08302, B08201, B19013, B01002",
      "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/",
      "period": "2020–2024",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-17",
      "note": "Survey estimates with 90% margins of error. lowReliability = coefficient of variation above 30%."
    },
    "fars": {
      "name": "National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), 2010–2024 national files",
      "url": "https://www.nhtsa.gov/file-downloads?p=nhtsa/downloads/FARS/",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-17",
      "preliminaryYears": [
        2024
      ],
      "note": "Crashes on public trafficways in which a person died within 30 days. No personal identifiers. Placed by reported coordinates into 2020 Census boundaries."
    },
    "nys": {
      "name": "New York State Department of Motor Vehicles, Motor Vehicle Crashes — Case Information: Four Year Window",
      "url": "https://data.ny.gov/Transportation/Motor-Vehicle-Crashes-Case-Information-Four-Year-W/e8ky-4vqe",
      "period": "2021–2024",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-17",
      "note": "Police-reported crashes coded to a town, city or village by the reporting agency. Hamlets are not coded; hamlet pages show the parent town."
    }
  }
}