{
  "name": "Holbrook, New York",
  "url": "https://longislandtraffic.com/towns/suffolk/holbrook/",
  "updated": "2026-09-17",
  "publisher": "Long Island Traffic (https://longislandtraffic.com)",
  "methodology": "https://longislandtraffic.com/towns/methodology/",
  "reuse": "Quote with credit and a link to the page URL above. Underlying federal and state datasets are public records.",
  "geography": {
    "slug": "holbrook",
    "county": "suffolk",
    "censusName": "Holbrook CDP",
    "geoType": "census-designated place",
    "legalStatus": "hamlet (unincorporated)",
    "geoid": "3635056",
    "gnisId": "2389939",
    "pop2020": 26487,
    "housingUnits2020": 9714,
    "landSqMi": 6.88,
    "waterSqMi": 0,
    "densityPerSqMi": 3848,
    "internalPoint": [
      40.79437,
      -73.07002
    ],
    "parentTown": "Islip town",
    "parentTownGeoid": "3610338000",
    "townShares": [
      {
        "name": "Islip town",
        "share": 0.838
      },
      {
        "name": "Brookhaven town",
        "share": 0.162
      }
    ]
  },
  "fatalCrashes2010to2024": {
    "period": "2010–2024",
    "crashes": 22,
    "deaths": 25,
    "pedestrianDeaths": 6,
    "bicyclistDeaths": 0,
    "motorcyclistDeaths": 4,
    "crashesWithDriverBac08": 4,
    "multiFatalityCrashes": 2,
    "onLimitedAccessHighways": {
      "crashes": 0,
      "deaths": 0
    },
    "deathsPer100kResidentsPerYear": 6.3,
    "byYear": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "crashes": 3,
        "deaths": 3
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "crashes": 0,
        "deaths": 0
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "crashes": 2,
        "deaths": 2
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "crashes": 1,
        "deaths": 1
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "crashes": 1,
        "deaths": 1
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "crashes": 1,
        "deaths": 2
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "crashes": 1,
        "deaths": 1
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "crashes": 0,
        "deaths": 0
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "crashes": 1,
        "deaths": 1
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "crashes": 2,
        "deaths": 2
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "crashes": 2,
        "deaths": 2
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "crashes": 0,
        "deaths": 0
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "crashes": 4,
        "deaths": 4
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "crashes": 4,
        "deaths": 6
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "crashes": 0,
        "deaths": 0
      }
    ],
    "byTimeOfDay": {
      "known": 22,
      "morning6to10": 1,
      "midday10to16": 7,
      "evening16to20": 3,
      "night20to6": 11
    },
    "darkShare": 0.545,
    "topRoads": [
      {
        "name": "Veterans Memorial Highway (NY 454)",
        "slug": null,
        "crashes": 7,
        "deaths": 9
      },
      {
        "name": "Sunrise Highway (NY 27)",
        "slug": "sunrise-highway",
        "crashes": 3,
        "deaths": 3
      },
      {
        "name": "Nicolls Road (CR 97)",
        "slug": null,
        "crashes": 3,
        "deaths": 3
      },
      {
        "name": "Union Ave",
        "slug": null,
        "crashes": 2,
        "deaths": 3
      },
      {
        "name": "Coates Ave",
        "slug": null,
        "crashes": 2,
        "deaths": 2
      },
      {
        "name": "County Route 19",
        "slug": null,
        "crashes": 2,
        "deaths": 2
      },
      {
        "name": "Patchogue Holbrook Rd (CR 19)",
        "slug": null,
        "crashes": 1,
        "deaths": 1
      },
      {
        "name": "County Route 454",
        "slug": null,
        "crashes": 1,
        "deaths": 1
      }
    ],
    "roadOwnership": {
      "period": "2015–2024",
      "crashes": 15,
      "owners": [
        {
          "owner": "State Highway Agency",
          "crashes": 7
        },
        {
          "owner": "Town or Township Highway Agency",
          "crashes": 4
        },
        {
          "owner": "County Highway Agency",
          "crashes": 4
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "allReportedCrashes": {
    "years": [
      "2021",
      "2022",
      "2023",
      "2024"
    ],
    "scope": "parent-town",
    "municipalityCode": "ISLIP",
    "label": "Town of Islip",
    "total": 35004,
    "fatal": 128,
    "injury": 10222,
    "propertyDamageOnly": 24654,
    "byYear": {
      "2021": 8654,
      "2022": 8292,
      "2023": 8881,
      "2024": 9177
    },
    "pedestrian": 422,
    "bicyclist": 335,
    "deer": 91,
    "otherAnimal": 177
  },
  "commute": {
    "workers16plus": 13740,
    "commutersNotWorkingFromHome": 12359,
    "meanTravelMinutes": {
      "value": 34.1,
      "moe": 4.2,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pct60MinPlus": {
      "value": 18.3,
      "moe": 3.1,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pct90MinPlus": {
      "value": 9.9,
      "moe": 2.7,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctUnder15Min": {
      "value": 23.5,
      "moe": 3,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctDroveAlone": {
      "value": 79.2,
      "moe": 4.2,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctCarpooled": {
      "value": 5.5,
      "moe": 1.7,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctPublicTransit": {
      "value": 3.4,
      "moe": 1.2,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctCommuterRail": {
      "value": 3.1,
      "moe": 1.1,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctBus": {
      "value": 0.2,
      "moe": 0.2,
      "lowReliability": true
    },
    "pctWalked": {
      "value": 0.7,
      "moe": 0.7,
      "lowReliability": true
    },
    "pctBicycle": {
      "value": 0,
      "moe": 0.2,
      "lowReliability": true
    },
    "pctWorkedFromHome": {
      "value": 10.1,
      "moe": 1.6,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctLeaveBefore6am": {
      "value": 12.3,
      "moe": 2.3,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctLeaveBefore7am": {
      "value": 32,
      "moe": 3.4,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "households": 8922,
    "pctNoVehicle": {
      "value": 3.8,
      "moe": 1.4,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctThreePlusVehicles": {
      "value": 25.8,
      "moe": 2.8,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "medianHouseholdIncome": {
      "value": 144760,
      "moe": 7189
    },
    "medianAge": {
      "value": 40.9,
      "moe": 0.9
    }
  },
  "benchmarks": {
    "county": {
      "workers16plus": 766432,
      "commutersNotWorkingFromHome": 674118,
      "meanTravelMinutes": {
        "value": 31.1,
        "moe": 0.4,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pct60MinPlus": {
        "value": 14.1,
        "moe": 0.4,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pct90MinPlus": {
        "value": 6.5,
        "moe": 0.3,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctUnder15Min": {
        "value": 22.8,
        "moe": 0.6,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctDroveAlone": {
        "value": 72.1,
        "moe": 0.4,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctCarpooled": {
        "value": 7.5,
        "moe": 0.3,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctPublicTransit": {
        "value": 4.8,
        "moe": 0.2,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctCommuterRail": {
        "value": 3.2,
        "moe": 0.2,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctBus": {
        "value": 0.6,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctWalked": {
        "value": 1.4,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctBicycle": {
        "value": 0.2,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctWorkedFromHome": {
        "value": 12,
        "moe": 0.3,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctLeaveBefore6am": {
        "value": 12,
        "moe": 0.4,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctLeaveBefore7am": {
        "value": 30.2,
        "moe": 0.6,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "households": 512565,
      "pctNoVehicle": {
        "value": 5.1,
        "moe": 0.2,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctThreePlusVehicles": {
        "value": 28.8,
        "moe": 0.5,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "medianHouseholdIncome": {
        "value": 130686,
        "moe": 1707
      },
      "medianAge": {
        "value": 41.7,
        "moe": 0.2
      }
    },
    "state": {
      "workers16plus": 9306567,
      "commutersNotWorkingFromHome": 7916632,
      "meanTravelMinutes": {
        "value": 32.6,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pct60MinPlus": {
        "value": 16.8,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pct90MinPlus": {
        "value": 5.3,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctUnder15Min": {
        "value": 20.5,
        "moe": 0.2,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctDroveAlone": {
        "value": 48.8,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctCarpooled": {
        "value": 6.3,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctPublicTransit": {
        "value": 21.6,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctCommuterRail": {
        "value": 1.8,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctBus": {
        "value": 5.1,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctWalked": {
        "value": 5.6,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctBicycle": {
        "value": 0.8,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctWorkedFromHome": {
        "value": 14.9,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctLeaveBefore6am": {
        "value": 10.6,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctLeaveBefore7am": {
        "value": 26.3,
        "moe": 0.2,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "households": 7722646,
      "pctNoVehicle": {
        "value": 29.2,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctThreePlusVehicles": {
        "value": 11.8,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "medianHouseholdIncome": {
        "value": 85974,
        "moe": 402
      },
      "medianAge": {
        "value": 39.8,
        "moe": 0.1
      }
    },
    "nation": {
      "workers16plus": 159114094,
      "commutersNotWorkingFromHome": 135071605,
      "meanTravelMinutes": {
        "value": 26.4,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pct60MinPlus": {
        "value": 8.6,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pct90MinPlus": {
        "value": 2.7,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctUnder15Min": {
        "value": 26,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctDroveAlone": {
        "value": 68.8,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctCarpooled": {
        "value": 8.5,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctPublicTransit": {
        "value": 3.2,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctCommuterRail": {
        "value": 0.3,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctBus": {
        "value": 1.5,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctWalked": {
        "value": 2.4,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctBicycle": {
        "value": 0.4,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctWorkedFromHome": {
        "value": 15.1,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctLeaveBefore6am": {
        "value": 14.4,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctLeaveBefore7am": {
        "value": 32.5,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "households": 129227496,
      "pctNoVehicle": {
        "value": 8.4,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctThreePlusVehicles": {
        "value": 21.9,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "medianHouseholdIncome": {
        "value": 80734,
        "moe": 166
      },
      "medianAge": {
        "value": 38.9,
        "moe": 0.1
      }
    }
  },
  "research": {
    "researchedAt": "2026-09-17",
    "identity": {
      "officialName": "Holbrook",
      "placeType": "hamlet and census-designated place",
      "parentTown": "Town of Islip",
      "alsoIn": [
        "Town of Brookhaven (eastern edge)"
      ],
      "formerNames": [],
      "nameOrigin": null,
      "founded": null,
      "incorporated": null,
      "gnisId": null,
      "wikidataId": null
    },
    "quickFacts": [
      {
        "label": "Legal status",
        "value": "Unincorporated hamlet of the Town of Islip; no village government, no town police force and no town justice court",
        "src": [
          10,
          12
        ]
      },
      {
        "label": "Prior written notice law",
        "value": "Town of Islip Code § 47A-3 on the Islip side; Town of Brookhaven Code § 84-1 on the Brookhaven side",
        "src": [
          10,
          11
        ]
      },
      {
        "label": "Courts",
        "value": "Suffolk County District Court — Fifth District (Islip); civil and Islip town-ordinance matters are heard at the Ronkonkoma courthouse, criminal matters at Central Islip",
        "src": [
          12,
          13
        ]
      },
      {
        "label": "Fire department",
        "value": "Holbrook Fire Department, serving the community since 1927; mailing address in Holbrook, N.Y. 11741",
        "src": [
          18
        ]
      },
      {
        "label": "School district",
        "value": "Sachem Central School District, formed on April 21, 1955 from the Holbrook, Lake Ronkonkoma and Farmingville/Holtsville districts",
        "src": [
          17
        ]
      },
      {
        "label": "Main county road",
        "value": "CR 19 — Patchogue Holbrook Road / Waverly Avenue, running north from West Main Street to Portion Road (CR 16)",
        "src": [
          6
        ]
      }
    ],
    "timeline": [
      {
        "date": "1863",
        "label": "Selden chapel linked to Holbrook",
        "text": "An 1882 history records that the undenominational chapel at Selden, built in 1857, \"since 1863 has had connection with Holbrook most of the time.\"",
        "src": [
          21
        ]
      },
      {
        "date": "1927",
        "label": "Holbrook Fire Department",
        "text": "The department states it has been serving the community since 1927.",
        "src": [
          18
        ]
      },
      {
        "date": "1955-04-21",
        "label": "Sachem centralization",
        "text": "Holbrook's school district voted with Lake Ronkonkoma and Farmingville/Holtsville to centralize into the district later named Sachem.",
        "src": [
          17
        ]
      },
      {
        "date": "2016-09-13",
        "label": "FAA land-release notice",
        "text": "The FAA invited comment on releasing a 6.1-acre airport-owned parcel at 1612 Coates Avenue in Holbrook from its airport obligations.",
        "src": [
          5
        ]
      }
    ],
    "sections": [
      {
        "id": "history",
        "heading": "History",
        "paragraphs": [
          "The 1882 county history lists Holbrook among the principal hamlets that \"lie along the line of the Long Island Railroad in this town,\" alongside Central Islip, Lakeland and part of Waverly.[4]",
          "Religious life came slowly and was shared with neighbouring hamlets: the 1882 history notes that the undenominational chapel built at Selden in 1857 \"since 1863 has had connection with Holbrook most of the time.\"[21]",
          "In the twentieth century Holbrook's institutions merged outward rather than incorporating inward. The Sachem Central School District records that \"throughout the 1920s children in the Holbrook community were attending the Union Avenue School,\" and that \"On April 21, 1955, citizens from Farmingville/Holtsville, Holbrook, and Lake Ronkonkoma school districts voted to form a central school district, later named Sachem\" — a merger the district attributes to \"the rapid population growth in Brookhaven and Islip Towns.\"[17] The Holbrook Fire Department says it \"has been serving our neighbors since 1927.\"[18]"
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "roads",
        "heading": "How the roads got here",
        "paragraphs": [
          "Holbrook sits between two state highways and is stitched to them by a county road. To the south is NY 27, which the New York State Department of Transportation's touring-route book describes running \"on Sunrise Highway to Valley Stream, Lynbrook, Rockville Centre, Freeport, Massapequa Park, North Babylon, Great River, North Patchogue.\"[8] To the north is I-495, the Long Island Expressway, described as running from the \"Queens-Midtown Tunnel on Long Island Expressway\" east to Riverhead.[9]",
          "The connector is Suffolk County Road 19, listed by the county's Department of Public Works as \"Patchogue Holbrook Road / Waverly Avenue\" and running \"W Main St to CR 16, Portion Rd\" — the road that carries the hamlet's name and links the Patchogue area northward across the Expressway corridor to Portion Road.[6] The western edge of the hamlet is served by CR 93, \"Lakeland Avenue / Ocean Avenue / Rosevale Avenue,\" which runs from the Sunrise Highway eastbound service road north to Portion Road; the state court system's directions to the nearby Ronkonkoma courthouse confirm that Sunrise Highway Exit 49 is the Lakeland Avenue/CR 93 interchange.[7][13]",
          "Holbrook's roads also carry a piece of airport infrastructure. In 2016 the Federal Aviation Administration published notice of a request to release \"a 6.1 acre airport owned parcel, not contiguous with the airport, located at 1612 Coates Avenue, Holbrook,\" owned by Long Island MacArthur Airport in neighbouring Ronkonkoma — evidence that the town-owned airport holds federally obligated land inside this hamlet.[5]"
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "law",
        "heading": "Law and legal history",
        "paragraphs": [
          "Holbrook has no court, no police department and no local legislature of its own; its legal identity is defined by which town line a given property falls on. On the Islip side, a claim against the town over a defective road, sidewalk, crosswalk, street marking, traffic sign, signal or tree is barred by Town of Islip Code § 47A-3, \"Liability of Town,\" unless written notice of the condition \"was actually given to the Town Clerk or Commissioner of Public Works and there was a failure or neglect within a reasonable time\" to repair it.[10] On the Brookhaven side, Town Code § 84-1 provides that \"No civil action shall be commenced against the Town of Brookhaven or the Superintendent of Highways for damages or injuries to persons\" over a defective highway, street, bridge, culvert, crosswalk or pedestrian walkway without prior written notice identifying the defect with particularity, served by a person with firsthand knowledge on the Town Clerk or Superintendent of Highways.[11] The two laws name different officers and impose different service requirements, so the first question in a Holbrook sidewalk or pothole case is which town owns the pavement.[10][11]",
          "Criminal, civil and ordinance cases go to the Suffolk County District Court. The court's own history records that it \"became operational in January 1964,\" replacing the town justice courts of the five western towns under the Uniform District Court Act, and that \"Fifth District Court encompasses the town of Islip\" while \"Sixth District Court encompasses the town of Brookhaven.\"[12] Islip-side civil, small-claims, landlord-tenant and town-ordinance matters are heard at the Ronkonkoma courthouse, \"3105 Veteran's Memorial Highway,\" (631) 381-6000; Brookhaven town-ordinance calendars are called at the \"Suffolk County Sixth District Court 150 West Main Street Patchogue NY 11772.\"[13][14] There is no Islip town justice court to hear a Holbrook case; the Uniform District Court Act abolished it in 1964.[12]"
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "government",
        "heading": "Government, courts and policing",
        "paragraphs": [
          "Policing is by the Suffolk County Police Department. Its Fifth Precinct \"renders patrol and other police service to the southern portion of Brookhaven Town, the eastern portion of Islip Town, and the incorporated villages of Patchogue and Bellport,\" a description that covers the part of Islip in which Holbrook lies; the department lists that precinct's front desk at \"5th Precinct 125 Waverly Ave, Patchogue\" with the number 631-854-8500.[15][16]",
          "Fire and emergency medical service is provided by the Holbrook Fire Department, a community department whose own site gives its location as \"Holbrook, N.Y. 11741\" and says it has served since 1927.[18] Public schools are run by the Sachem Central School District, which the district describes as \"the second largest suburban school district in New York State.\"[17]"
        ]
      }
    ],
    "legalCases": [],
    "landmarks": [],
    "notableFacts": [
      {
        "text": "Long Island MacArthur Airport owns land in Holbrook: a 6.1-acre non-contiguous parcel at 1612 Coates Avenue, the subject of a 2016 FAA land-release notice.",
        "src": [
          5
        ]
      },
      {
        "text": "Suffolk County Road 19 is officially \"Patchogue Holbrook Road / Waverly Avenue\" and runs from West Main Street north to Portion Road.",
        "src": [
          6
        ]
      },
      {
        "text": "Holbrook has had no town justice court since January 1964, when the Suffolk County District Court took over the work of the five western towns' justice courts.",
        "src": [
          12
        ]
      },
      {
        "text": "The Holbrook Fire Department has served the community since 1927.",
        "src": [
          18
        ]
      },
      {
        "text": "Holbrook's school district merged into Sachem on April 21, 1955, together with Lake Ronkonkoma and Farmingville/Holtsville.",
        "src": [
          17
        ]
      }
    ],
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": 4,
        "title": "History of Suffolk County, New York (Town of Islip: hamlets along the railroad)",
        "publisher": "W. W. Munsell & Co., via Internet Archive",
        "url": "https://archive.org/download/cu31924028834848/cu31924028834848_djvu.txt",
        "year": "1882",
        "type": "book"
      },
      {
        "id": 5,
        "title": "Notice of Intent To Rule on Request for a Land Release ... Near the Long Island Macarthur Airport, New York",
        "publisher": "Federal Aviation Administration, Federal Register (govinfo)",
        "url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2016-09-13/html/2016-21968.htm",
        "year": "2016",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 6,
        "title": "Suffolk County Roads List (CR 19)",
        "publisher": "Suffolk County Department of Public Works",
        "url": "https://www.suffolkcountyny.gov/Portals/0/formsdocs/publicworks/PDF/Suffolk%20County%20Roads%20List.pdf",
        "year": "2020",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 7,
        "title": "Suffolk County Roads List (CR 93)",
        "publisher": "Suffolk County Department of Public Works",
        "url": "https://www.suffolkcountyny.gov/Portals/0/formsdocs/publicworks/PDF/Suffolk%20County%20Roads%20List.pdf",
        "year": "2020",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 8,
        "title": "Official Description of Highway Touring Routes ... (NY 27)",
        "publisher": "New York State Department of Transportation",
        "url": "https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/operating/oom/transportation-systems/repository/2017%20tour-bk.pdf",
        "year": "2017",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 9,
        "title": "Official Description of Highway Touring Routes ... (I 495)",
        "publisher": "New York State Department of Transportation",
        "url": "https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/operating/oom/transportation-systems/repository/2017%20tour-bk.pdf",
        "year": "2017",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 10,
        "title": "Code of the Town of Islip § 47A-3, Liability of Town",
        "publisher": "Town of Islip / eCode360 (archived)",
        "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20160925071405/http://ecode360.com/6509628",
        "year": "2016",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 11,
        "title": "Code of the Town of Brookhaven § 84-1, Written notice required",
        "publisher": "Town of Brookhaven / eCode360 (archived)",
        "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240524200857/https://ecode360.com/8596414",
        "year": "2024",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 12,
        "title": "History and Organization of Suffolk District Court",
        "publisher": "New York State Unified Court System (archived)",
        "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20221210061258/https://ww2.nycourts.gov/courts/10jd/suffolk/dist/history.shtml",
        "year": "2022",
        "type": "court"
      },
      {
        "id": 13,
        "title": "Mass Transit & Road Directions, Ronkonkoma Courthouse",
        "publisher": "New York State Unified Court System (archived)",
        "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250423042234/https://ww2.nycourts.gov/courts/10jd/suffolk/dist/ronkonkoma.shtml",
        "year": "2025",
        "type": "court"
      },
      {
        "id": 14,
        "title": "Brookhaven Town Ordinance — Suffolk County Sixth District Court",
        "publisher": "New York State Unified Court System (archived)",
        "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20210812032358/http://ww2.nycourts.gov/courts/10jd/suffolk/dist/6townordinance.shtml",
        "year": "2021",
        "type": "court"
      },
      {
        "id": 15,
        "title": "Fifth Precinct",
        "publisher": "Suffolk County Police Department",
        "url": "https://www.suffolkpd.org/Precincts-and-Specialized-Units/Precincts/Fifth-Precinct",
        "year": "2026",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 16,
        "title": "Phone Directory — Precinct Front Desks",
        "publisher": "Suffolk County Police Department",
        "url": "https://www.suffolkpd.org/Contact-Us/Phone-Directory",
        "year": "2026",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 17,
        "title": "About Us — Sachem Central School District",
        "publisher": "Sachem Central School District",
        "url": "https://www.sachem.edu/about-us",
        "year": "2026",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 18,
        "title": "Holbrook Fire Department (home page)",
        "publisher": "Holbrook Fire Department",
        "url": "https://www.holbrookfd.org/",
        "year": "2026",
        "type": "institution"
      },
      {
        "id": 19,
        "title": "New York State Trauma Centers (Suffolk County rows)",
        "publisher": "New York State Department of Health",
        "url": "https://www.health.ny.gov/professionals/ems/state_trauma/trauma2.htm",
        "year": "2025",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 20,
        "title": "NYU Langone Hospital—Suffolk",
        "publisher": "NYU Langone Health",
        "url": "https://www.nyulangone.org/locations/nyu-langone-hospital-suffolk",
        "year": "2026",
        "type": "institution"
      },
      {
        "id": 21,
        "title": "History of Suffolk County, New York (Selden chapel's connection with Holbrook)",
        "publisher": "W. W. Munsell & Co., via Internet Archive",
        "url": "https://archive.org/download/cu31924028834848/cu31924028834848_djvu.txt",
        "year": "1882",
        "type": "book"
      },
      {
        "id": 22,
        "title": "10th JD — Suffolk County",
        "publisher": "New York State Unified Court System (archived)",
        "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250207011125/https://ww2.nycourts.gov/courts/10jd/suffolk/index.shtml",
        "year": "2024",
        "type": "court"
      }
    ]
  },
  "dataSources": {
    "census2020": {
      "name": "U.S. Census Bureau, TIGERweb — 2020 Census tabulation geography (POP100, HU100, AREALAND)",
      "url": "https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/tigerWMS_Census2020/MapServer",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-17"
    },
    "acs": {
      "name": "U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2020–2024 5-Year Estimates, tables B08303, B08013, B08301, B08302, B08201, B19013, B01002",
      "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/",
      "period": "2020–2024",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-17",
      "note": "Survey estimates with 90% margins of error. lowReliability = coefficient of variation above 30%."
    },
    "fars": {
      "name": "National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), 2010–2024 national files",
      "url": "https://www.nhtsa.gov/file-downloads?p=nhtsa/downloads/FARS/",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-17",
      "preliminaryYears": [
        2024
      ],
      "note": "Crashes on public trafficways in which a person died within 30 days. No personal identifiers. Placed by reported coordinates into 2020 Census boundaries."
    },
    "nys": {
      "name": "New York State Department of Motor Vehicles, Motor Vehicle Crashes — Case Information: Four Year Window",
      "url": "https://data.ny.gov/Transportation/Motor-Vehicle-Crashes-Case-Information-Four-Year-W/e8ky-4vqe",
      "period": "2021–2024",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-17",
      "note": "Police-reported crashes coded to a town, city or village by the reporting agency. Hamlets are not coded; hamlet pages show the parent town."
    }
  }
}