{
  "name": "Islip, New York",
  "url": "https://longislandtraffic.com/towns/suffolk/islip/",
  "updated": "2026-09-17",
  "publisher": "Long Island Traffic (https://longislandtraffic.com)",
  "methodology": "https://longislandtraffic.com/towns/methodology/",
  "reuse": "Quote with credit and a link to the page URL above. Underlying federal and state datasets are public records.",
  "geography": {
    "slug": "islip",
    "county": "suffolk",
    "censusName": "Islip town",
    "geoType": "town",
    "legalStatus": "town",
    "geoid": "3610338000",
    "gnisId": "979097",
    "pop2020": 339938,
    "housingUnits2020": 111346,
    "landSqMi": 103.17,
    "waterSqMi": 59.6,
    "densityPerSqMi": 3295,
    "internalPoint": [
      40.71641,
      -73.19721
    ],
    "parentTown": null,
    "parentTownGeoid": null,
    "townShares": []
  },
  "fatalCrashes2010to2024": {
    "period": "2010–2024",
    "crashes": 429,
    "deaths": 455,
    "pedestrianDeaths": 152,
    "bicyclistDeaths": 25,
    "motorcyclistDeaths": 57,
    "crashesWithDriverBac08": 58,
    "multiFatalityCrashes": 23,
    "onLimitedAccessHighways": {
      "crashes": 62,
      "deaths": 70
    },
    "deathsPer100kResidentsPerYear": 8.9,
    "byYear": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "crashes": 34,
        "deaths": 38
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "crashes": 28,
        "deaths": 29
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "crashes": 25,
        "deaths": 25
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "crashes": 23,
        "deaths": 25
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "crashes": 21,
        "deaths": 22
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "crashes": 34,
        "deaths": 36
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "crashes": 31,
        "deaths": 33
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "crashes": 32,
        "deaths": 32
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "crashes": 19,
        "deaths": 21
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "crashes": 25,
        "deaths": 25
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "crashes": 23,
        "deaths": 25
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "crashes": 35,
        "deaths": 38
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "crashes": 35,
        "deaths": 38
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "crashes": 32,
        "deaths": 34
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "crashes": 32,
        "deaths": 34
      }
    ],
    "byTimeOfDay": {
      "known": 429,
      "morning6to10": 47,
      "midday10to16": 87,
      "evening16to20": 74,
      "night20to6": 221
    },
    "darkShare": 0.594,
    "topRoads": [
      {
        "name": "Sunrise Highway (NY 27)",
        "slug": "sunrise-highway",
        "crashes": 47,
        "deaths": 49
      },
      {
        "name": "Southern State Parkway",
        "slug": "southern-state-parkway",
        "crashes": 35,
        "deaths": 43
      },
      {
        "name": "Veterans Memorial Highway (NY 454)",
        "slug": null,
        "crashes": 33,
        "deaths": 36
      },
      {
        "name": "Suffolk Ave (CR 100)",
        "slug": null,
        "crashes": 20,
        "deaths": 21
      },
      {
        "name": "Montauk Highway (NY 27A / CR 80 / CR 85)",
        "slug": "montauk-highway",
        "crashes": 17,
        "deaths": 17
      },
      {
        "name": "5th Ave (CR 13)",
        "slug": null,
        "crashes": 16,
        "deaths": 17
      },
      {
        "name": "Route 111",
        "slug": null,
        "crashes": 15,
        "deaths": 16
      },
      {
        "name": "Long Island Expressway service road (Express Drive)",
        "slug": null,
        "crashes": 15,
        "deaths": 15
      }
    ],
    "roadOwnership": {
      "period": "2015–2024",
      "crashes": 298,
      "owners": [
        {
          "owner": "State Highway Agency",
          "crashes": 113
        },
        {
          "owner": "Town or Township Highway Agency",
          "crashes": 102
        },
        {
          "owner": "County Highway Agency",
          "crashes": 79
        },
        {
          "owner": "City or Municipal Highway Agency",
          "crashes": 4
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "allReportedCrashes": {
    "years": [
      "2021",
      "2022",
      "2023",
      "2024"
    ],
    "scope": "town",
    "municipalityCode": "ISLIP",
    "label": "Town of Islip",
    "total": 35004,
    "fatal": 128,
    "injury": 10222,
    "propertyDamageOnly": 24654,
    "byYear": {
      "2021": 8654,
      "2022": 8292,
      "2023": 8881,
      "2024": 9177
    },
    "pedestrian": 422,
    "bicyclist": 335,
    "deer": 91,
    "otherAnimal": 177
  },
  "commute": {
    "workers16plus": 172804,
    "commutersNotWorkingFromHome": 158494,
    "meanTravelMinutes": {
      "value": 28.3,
      "moe": 0.8,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pct60MinPlus": {
      "value": 10.7,
      "moe": 0.7,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pct90MinPlus": {
      "value": 5,
      "moe": 0.5,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctUnder15Min": {
      "value": 23.2,
      "moe": 1.1,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctDroveAlone": {
      "value": 74.4,
      "moe": 0.9,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctCarpooled": {
      "value": 9.6,
      "moe": 0.8,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctPublicTransit": {
      "value": 3.5,
      "moe": 0.4,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctCommuterRail": {
      "value": 2.2,
      "moe": 0.3,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctBus": {
      "value": 0.5,
      "moe": 0.1,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctWalked": {
      "value": 0.8,
      "moe": 0.2,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctBicycle": {
      "value": 0.3,
      "moe": 0.1,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctWorkedFromHome": {
      "value": 8.3,
      "moe": 0.5,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctLeaveBefore6am": {
      "value": 12.1,
      "moe": 0.7,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctLeaveBefore7am": {
      "value": 31.5,
      "moe": 1.1,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "households": 102205,
    "pctNoVehicle": {
      "value": 6.3,
      "moe": 0.8,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "pctThreePlusVehicles": {
      "value": 31.4,
      "moe": 1,
      "lowReliability": false
    },
    "medianHouseholdIncome": {
      "value": 130132,
      "moe": 2573
    },
    "medianAge": {
      "value": 39.2,
      "moe": 0.6
    }
  },
  "benchmarks": {
    "county": {
      "workers16plus": 766432,
      "commutersNotWorkingFromHome": 674118,
      "meanTravelMinutes": {
        "value": 31.1,
        "moe": 0.4,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pct60MinPlus": {
        "value": 14.1,
        "moe": 0.4,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pct90MinPlus": {
        "value": 6.5,
        "moe": 0.3,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctUnder15Min": {
        "value": 22.8,
        "moe": 0.6,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctDroveAlone": {
        "value": 72.1,
        "moe": 0.4,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctCarpooled": {
        "value": 7.5,
        "moe": 0.3,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctPublicTransit": {
        "value": 4.8,
        "moe": 0.2,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctCommuterRail": {
        "value": 3.2,
        "moe": 0.2,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctBus": {
        "value": 0.6,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctWalked": {
        "value": 1.4,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctBicycle": {
        "value": 0.2,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctWorkedFromHome": {
        "value": 12,
        "moe": 0.3,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctLeaveBefore6am": {
        "value": 12,
        "moe": 0.4,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctLeaveBefore7am": {
        "value": 30.2,
        "moe": 0.6,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "households": 512565,
      "pctNoVehicle": {
        "value": 5.1,
        "moe": 0.2,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctThreePlusVehicles": {
        "value": 28.8,
        "moe": 0.5,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "medianHouseholdIncome": {
        "value": 130686,
        "moe": 1707
      },
      "medianAge": {
        "value": 41.7,
        "moe": 0.2
      }
    },
    "state": {
      "workers16plus": 9306567,
      "commutersNotWorkingFromHome": 7916632,
      "meanTravelMinutes": {
        "value": 32.6,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pct60MinPlus": {
        "value": 16.8,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pct90MinPlus": {
        "value": 5.3,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctUnder15Min": {
        "value": 20.5,
        "moe": 0.2,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctDroveAlone": {
        "value": 48.8,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctCarpooled": {
        "value": 6.3,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctPublicTransit": {
        "value": 21.6,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctCommuterRail": {
        "value": 1.8,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctBus": {
        "value": 5.1,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctWalked": {
        "value": 5.6,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctBicycle": {
        "value": 0.8,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctWorkedFromHome": {
        "value": 14.9,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctLeaveBefore6am": {
        "value": 10.6,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctLeaveBefore7am": {
        "value": 26.3,
        "moe": 0.2,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "households": 7722646,
      "pctNoVehicle": {
        "value": 29.2,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctThreePlusVehicles": {
        "value": 11.8,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "medianHouseholdIncome": {
        "value": 85974,
        "moe": 402
      },
      "medianAge": {
        "value": 39.8,
        "moe": 0.1
      }
    },
    "nation": {
      "workers16plus": 159114094,
      "commutersNotWorkingFromHome": 135071605,
      "meanTravelMinutes": {
        "value": 26.4,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pct60MinPlus": {
        "value": 8.6,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pct90MinPlus": {
        "value": 2.7,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctUnder15Min": {
        "value": 26,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctDroveAlone": {
        "value": 68.8,
        "moe": 0.1,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctCarpooled": {
        "value": 8.5,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctPublicTransit": {
        "value": 3.2,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctCommuterRail": {
        "value": 0.3,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctBus": {
        "value": 1.5,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctWalked": {
        "value": 2.4,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctBicycle": {
        "value": 0.4,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctWorkedFromHome": {
        "value": 15.1,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctLeaveBefore6am": {
        "value": 14.4,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctLeaveBefore7am": {
        "value": 32.5,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "households": 129227496,
      "pctNoVehicle": {
        "value": 8.4,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "pctThreePlusVehicles": {
        "value": 21.9,
        "moe": 0,
        "lowReliability": false
      },
      "medianHouseholdIncome": {
        "value": 80734,
        "moe": 166
      },
      "medianAge": {
        "value": 38.9,
        "moe": 0.1
      }
    }
  },
  "research": {
    "researchedAt": "2026-09-17",
    "identity": {
      "officialName": "Town of Islip",
      "placeType": "town",
      "parentTown": null,
      "alsoIn": [],
      "formerNames": [],
      "nameOrigin": null,
      "founded": null,
      "incorporated": {
        "text": "The Town's current website states it was 'incorporated in 1683 under English rule'; separately, the Town's own history materials date its formal recognition as a town of the State of New York to March 7, 1788, after the 1784 British evacuation of New York.",
        "src": [
          1,
          7
        ]
      },
      "gnisId": null,
      "wikidataId": null
    },
    "quickFacts": [
      {
        "label": "Legal status",
        "value": "A town of Suffolk County, New York, comprising numerous unincorporated hamlets and CDPs (Bay Shore, Sayville, West Islip, East Islip, Bayport, Central Islip, Brentwood, Ronkonkoma and others)",
        "src": [
          1
        ]
      },
      {
        "label": "Town-owned airport",
        "value": "Long Island MacArthur Airport (ISP), Ronkonkoma -- owned and operated by the Town of Islip",
        "src": [
          21
        ]
      },
      {
        "label": "Police",
        "value": "Suffolk County Police Department Third Precinct (Bay Shore) and Fifth Precinct (Patchogue) split coverage of the town",
        "src": [
          24,
          25
        ]
      },
      {
        "label": "Prior written notice law",
        "value": "Town Code Chapter 47A, § 47A-3, \"Liability of Town,\" added October 3, 1978",
        "src": [
          14
        ]
      },
      {
        "label": "Court complex",
        "value": "Suffolk County's Tenth Judicial District administrative offices, 400 Carleton Avenue, Central Islip",
        "src": [
          27
        ]
      }
    ],
    "timeline": [
      {
        "date": "1978-10-03",
        "label": "Prior written notice law",
        "text": "The Town Board adds § 47A-3, \"Liability of Town,\" to the Town Code, requiring written notice before suits over defective town roads, sidewalks or other maintained property.",
        "src": [
          14
        ]
      },
      {
        "date": "1987-03",
        "label": "Mobro 4000 departs",
        "text": "A barge loaded with roughly 3,100 tons of baled Islip Town and New York City trash leaves Long Island on a widely publicized, months-long search for a dump.",
        "src": [
          10,
          12
        ]
      },
      {
        "date": "1987-05-18",
        "label": "Barge returns",
        "text": "After being turned away by six states and three countries, the barge and its cargo return to New York Harbor still without a home.",
        "src": [
          10
        ]
      },
      {
        "date": "2011",
        "label": "FAA Metro Airport",
        "text": "The FAA designates Long Island MacArthur Airport an \"Official Metro Airport,\" grouping it with LaGuardia, JFK and Newark for travel-search purposes.",
        "src": [
          21
        ]
      },
      {
        "date": "2018-06-18",
        "label": "Flores v. Town of Islip filed",
        "text": "Latino Islip residents and two advocacy groups sue the Town over its at-large Town Board election system.",
        "src": [
          22
        ]
      },
      {
        "date": "2019-05-28",
        "label": "Published opinion",
        "text": "The case produces a published federal district court decision, 382 F. Supp. 3d 197.",
        "src": [
          22
        ]
      },
      {
        "date": "2020-10-14",
        "label": "Voting rights settlement approved",
        "text": "A federal magistrate judge approves a settlement replacing Islip's at-large Town Board elections with four single-member council districts.",
        "src": [
          23
        ]
      }
    ],
    "sections": [
      {
        "id": "roads",
        "heading": "How the roads got here",
        "paragraphs": [
          "New York State Route 27, Sunrise Highway, is the town's principal state highway; the New York State Department of Transportation's official route description carries it \"on Sunrise Highway to Valley Stream, Lynbrook, Rockville Centre, Freeport, Massapequa Park, North Babylon, Great River, North Patchogue\" and onward toward Montauk Point.[16] A parallel alignment, NY 27A, follows the older Merrick Road and Montauk Highway route; NYSDOT describes it running \"Sunrise Highway and Carman Mill Road, on Carman Mill Road, Merrick Road and Montauk Highway to Babylon, Bay Shore, Islip, East Islip, Great River, Oakdale Exit,\" passing directly through several of the town's South Shore hamlets.[17]",
          "Three state parkways cross the town: the Southern State Parkway, the Sagtikos State Parkway and the Robert Moses Causeway. NYSDOT's official touring-route book lists the Robert Moses Causeway simply as \"Robert Moses Causeway - Suffolk County,\" running from the mainland to the Robert Moses State Park complex on Fire Island, with the Sagtikos State Parkway continuing north to join the Sunken Meadow State Parkway and the Southern State Parkway running west to Nassau County and east to Heckscher State Park.[19] Under the state's own jurisdictional table for these routes, all three are coded \"OP&R,\" meaning legal jurisdiction belongs to the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation & Historic Preservation rather than to the highway system, even though the same table marks them as \"Maintained and Signed by NYSDOT.\"[20]"
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "law",
        "heading": "Law and legal history",
        "paragraphs": [
          "Since October 3, 1978, Town of Islip Code § 47A-3, \"Liability of Town,\" has barred civil suits against the Town or its employees over a defective, unsafe or obstructed highway, street, bridge, culvert, sidewalk, crosswalk, traffic sign, signal, tree or other town-maintained property unless written notice of the condition \"was actually given to the Town Clerk or Commissioner of Public Works\" and the Town then failed, within a reasonable time, to repair or remove it; an identical written-notice requirement applies separately to claims arising from snow or ice on town-maintained property.[14] The \"Commissioner\" named in the law heads the Town's Department of Public Works, which is Chapter 41 of the Town Code; Islip organizes its road-maintenance function as a Public Works Department rather than under a separately titled Highway Department or elected superintendent of highways.[15]",
          "In Flores v. Town of Islip, filed in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York on June 18, 2018, plaintiffs Ana Flores, Rene Flores, Maria Magdalena Hernandez and Magali Roman, together with Make the Road New York and New York Communities for Change, sued the Town of Islip, the Islip Town Board and the Suffolk County Board of Elections.[22] The case produced a published decision, 382 F. Supp. 3d 197 (E.D.N.Y. 2019), before U.S. District Judge Arthur D. Spatt.[22] The suit did not go to trial: on October 14, 2020, U.S. Magistrate Judge Gary R. Brown approved a settlement under which Islip agreed to abolish its at-large Town Board election system and replace it with four single-member council districts beginning with the next town elections, making Islip \"the fourth Long Island town in recent years to get rid of its at-large council system.\"[23] Newsday reported that plaintiff Maria Magdalena Hernandez, a Brentwood resident, said in a statement that she was \"so excited that we will now finally have representation for our Brentwood community.\"[23]"
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "government",
        "heading": "Government, courts and policing",
        "paragraphs": [
          "Two Suffolk County Police Department precincts split coverage of the town. The Third Precinct, headquartered at 1630 5th Avenue in Bay Shore, patrols \"the hamlets of Bay Shore, Baywood, Brentwood, Brightwaters, Islip, Central Islip, East Islip, West Islip, and Islip Terrace.\"[24][26] The Fifth Precinct, headquartered at 125 Waverly Avenue in Patchogue, \"renders patrol and other police service to the southern portion of Brookhaven Town, the eastern portion of Islip Town, and the incorporated villages of Patchogue and Bellport\" -- meaning the town's easternmost hamlets fall under the Fifth Precinct rather than the Third.[25][26]",
          "Long Island MacArthur Airport, in the town's Ronkonkoma section, is organized as a Town department alongside the Assessor, Comptroller and Public Works, and the Town's own website states plainly, \"The Town of Islip owns and operates MacArthur Airport (ISP), located in Ronkonkoma, 50 miles outside New York City.\"[21] Its Department of Aviation \"is led by the Commissioner of Aviation and Transportation, who works closely with the Town Board to manage and steward the airport,\" with divisions covering airport operations, custodial services, law enforcement and maintenance.[21] The airport covers 1,311 acres with three runways and two helipads, and in early 2011 the Federal Aviation Administration designated it an \"Official Metro Airport,\" grouping it with LaGuardia, JFK and Newark in travel-search results.[21]"
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "transit",
        "heading": "Railroad and transit",
        "paragraphs": [
          "Today, MacArthur Airport's own materials describe an \"LIRR MacArthur Airport Package\" offering \"a convenient, discounted rail/shuttle option to/from Ronkonkoma Train station, just 1.5 miles from the airport,\" linking the Ronkonkoma Branch to the terminal.[21]"
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "notable-events",
        "heading": "The Mobro 4000 garbage barge",
        "paragraphs": [
          "In late March 1987, a barge -- loaded with roughly 3,100 tons of baled Islip Town and New York City trash and towed by the tug Break of Dawn -- left Long Island in search of an out-of-state dump, at a time when Long Island landfill capacity was under mounting pressure.[10][12] The New York Times reported that after more than eight weeks of wandering the barge returned to New York Harbor still \"rejected by North Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas and Florida, as well as Mexico, Belize and the Bahamas,\" with only \"an invitation to return to Islip, L.I., where its 60-day, 6,000-mile odyssey began.\"[10][11] Newsday later reported that Long Island and New York State officials \"negotiated a deal to have the garbage burned in Brooklyn with its ash buried in an Islip Town landfill,\" ending the barge's voyage.[13] Writing 30 years later, Newsday described the episode -- which drew national headlines and jokes from late-night television -- as a turning point that helped push Long Island toward greater recycling, while noting that the region's per-person waste generation still exceeded the national average three decades on.[12][13]"
        ]
      }
    ],
    "legalCases": [
      {
        "name": "Flores v. Town of Islip",
        "citation": "382 F. Supp. 3d 197 (E.D.N.Y. 2019)",
        "court": "U.S. District Court, Eastern District of New York",
        "year": 2019,
        "connection": "Voting Rights Act challenge to the Town of Islip's at-large Town Board election system, filed by Latino Islip residents and two advocacy organizations against the Town, the Islip Town Board and the Suffolk County Board of Elections.",
        "holding": "The docket shows a published May 28, 2019 decision before U.S. District Judge Arthur D. Spatt; the case did not proceed to trial. The parties instead reached a consent settlement, approved by U.S. Magistrate Judge Gary R. Brown on October 14, 2020, replacing Islip's at-large Town Board elections with four single-member council districts.",
        "src": [
          22,
          23
        ]
      }
    ],
    "landmarks": [],
    "notableFacts": [
      {
        "text": "Long Island MacArthur Airport, owned and operated by the Town of Islip, covers 1,311 acres with three runways and two helipads.",
        "src": [
          21
        ]
      },
      {
        "text": "In early 2011 the FAA designated MacArthur an \"Official Metro Airport,\" grouping it with LaGuardia, JFK and Newark in travel searches.",
        "src": [
          21
        ]
      },
      {
        "text": "In 1987 a barge carrying roughly 3,100 tons of Islip Town and New York City trash was turned away by six states and three countries before the garbage was finally burned in Brooklyn and its ash buried in an Islip Town landfill.",
        "src": [
          10,
          11,
          13
        ]
      },
      {
        "text": "Islip's prior-written-notice law, Town Code § 47A-3, has barred lawsuits over defective town roads and sidewalks without advance written notice to the Town Clerk or Commissioner of Public Works since October 3, 1978.",
        "src": [
          14
        ]
      },
      {
        "text": "A 2020 federal consent decree in Flores v. Town of Islip ended decades of at-large Town Board elections, replacing them with four single-member council districts.",
        "src": [
          22,
          23
        ]
      }
    ],
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": 1,
        "title": "Explore Islip (About the Town)",
        "publisher": "Town of Islip",
        "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250121045207/https://www.islipny.gov/community-and-services/explore-islip",
        "year": "2025",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 10,
        "title": "Garbage Barge Returns in Search of a Dump",
        "publisher": "The New York Times",
        "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240621033501/https://www.nytimes.com/1987/05/18/nyregion/garbage-barge-returns-in-search-of-a-dump.html",
        "year": "1987",
        "type": "newspaper"
      },
      {
        "id": 11,
        "title": "Garbage Barge Returns in Search of a Dump",
        "publisher": "The New York Times",
        "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240621033501/https://www.nytimes.com/1987/05/18/nyregion/garbage-barge-returns-in-search-of-a-dump.html",
        "year": "1987",
        "type": "newspaper"
      },
      {
        "id": 12,
        "title": "Long Island's infamous garbage barge of 1987 still influences laws",
        "publisher": "Newsday",
        "url": "https://projects.newsday.com/long-island/long-island-garbage-barge-left-islip-30-years-ago/",
        "year": "2017",
        "type": "newspaper"
      },
      {
        "id": 13,
        "title": "Long Island's infamous garbage barge of 1987 still influences laws",
        "publisher": "Newsday",
        "url": "https://projects.newsday.com/long-island/long-island-garbage-barge-left-islip-30-years-ago/",
        "year": "2017",
        "type": "newspaper"
      },
      {
        "id": 14,
        "title": "Town of Islip, NY Code, Chapter 47A, § 47A-3, \"Liability of Town\"",
        "publisher": "Town of Islip / ecode360 (General Code)",
        "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20160925071405/http://ecode360.com/6509628",
        "year": "1978",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 15,
        "title": "Town of Islip, NY Code -- Table of Contents (Chapter 41, Public Works Department; Chapter 47A, Streets and Sidewalks)",
        "publisher": "Town of Islip / ecode360 (General Code)",
        "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250330115124/https://ecode360.com/6509602",
        "year": "2025",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 16,
        "title": "Official Description of Highway Touring Routes, Bicycle Touring Routes, Scenic Byways, & Commemorative/Memorial Designations in New York State (NY 27 entry)",
        "publisher": "New York State Department of Transportation",
        "url": "https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/operating/oom/transportation-systems/repository/2017%20tour-bk.pdf",
        "year": "2017",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 17,
        "title": "Official Description of Highway Touring Routes... (NY 27A entry)",
        "publisher": "New York State Department of Transportation",
        "url": "https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/operating/oom/transportation-systems/repository/2017%20tour-bk.pdf",
        "year": "2017",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 19,
        "title": "Official Description of Highway Touring Routes... (Parkway route descriptions)",
        "publisher": "New York State Department of Transportation",
        "url": "https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/operating/oom/transportation-systems/repository/2017%20tour-bk.pdf",
        "year": "2017",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 20,
        "title": "Official Description of Highway Touring Routes... (Parkways by Jurisdiction table)",
        "publisher": "New York State Department of Transportation",
        "url": "https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/operating/oom/transportation-systems/repository/2017%20tour-bk.pdf",
        "year": "2017",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 21,
        "title": "Long Island MacArthur Airport (department page)",
        "publisher": "Town of Islip",
        "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250119092702/https://islipny.gov/departments/long-island-macarthur-airport",
        "year": "2025",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 22,
        "title": "Flores v. Town of Islip, 382 F. Supp. 3d 197 (E.D.N.Y. 2019) -- docket and case record",
        "publisher": "CourtListener (Free Law Project)",
        "url": "https://static.case.law/f-supp-3d/382/html/0197-01.html",
        "year": "2019",
        "type": "court"
      },
      {
        "id": 23,
        "title": "'Someone who looks like us:' Islip Latinos, their advocates hail deal in voting rights case",
        "publisher": "Newsday",
        "url": "https://www.newsday.com/long-island/suffolk/voting-rights-latinos-settlement-districts-b52357",
        "year": "2020",
        "type": "newspaper"
      },
      {
        "id": 24,
        "title": "Third Precinct",
        "publisher": "Suffolk County Police Department",
        "url": "https://www.suffolkpd.org/Precincts-and-Specialized-Units/Precincts/Third-Precinct",
        "year": "2026",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 25,
        "title": "Fifth Precinct",
        "publisher": "Suffolk County Police Department",
        "url": "https://www.suffolkpd.org/Precincts-and-Specialized-Units/Precincts/Fifth-Precinct",
        "year": "2026",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 26,
        "title": "Contact Us (Precinct addresses)",
        "publisher": "Suffolk County Police Department",
        "url": "https://www.suffolkpd.org/Contact-Us",
        "year": "2026",
        "type": "government"
      },
      {
        "id": 27,
        "title": "Suffolk County (10th Judicial District)",
        "publisher": "New York State Unified Court System (nycourts.gov)",
        "url": "https://www.nycourts.gov/courts/10jd/suffolk/",
        "year": "2026",
        "type": "court"
      },
      {
        "id": 28,
        "title": "Good Samaritan University Hospital",
        "publisher": "Catholic Health",
        "url": "https://www.catholichealthli.org/good-samaritan-university-hospital",
        "year": "2026",
        "type": "institution"
      },
      {
        "id": 29,
        "title": "South Shore University Hospital",
        "publisher": "Northwell Health",
        "url": "https://ssuh.northwell.edu/",
        "year": "2026",
        "type": "institution"
      }
    ]
  },
  "dataSources": {
    "census2020": {
      "name": "U.S. Census Bureau, TIGERweb — 2020 Census tabulation geography (POP100, HU100, AREALAND)",
      "url": "https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/tigerWMS_Census2020/MapServer",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-17"
    },
    "acs": {
      "name": "U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2020–2024 5-Year Estimates, tables B08303, B08013, B08301, B08302, B08201, B19013, B01002",
      "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/",
      "period": "2020–2024",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-17",
      "note": "Survey estimates with 90% margins of error. lowReliability = coefficient of variation above 30%."
    },
    "fars": {
      "name": "National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), 2010–2024 national files",
      "url": "https://www.nhtsa.gov/file-downloads?p=nhtsa/downloads/FARS/",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-17",
      "preliminaryYears": [
        2024
      ],
      "note": "Crashes on public trafficways in which a person died within 30 days. No personal identifiers. Placed by reported coordinates into 2020 Census boundaries."
    },
    "nys": {
      "name": "New York State Department of Motor Vehicles, Motor Vehicle Crashes — Case Information: Four Year Window",
      "url": "https://data.ny.gov/Transportation/Motor-Vehicle-Crashes-Case-Information-Four-Year-W/e8ky-4vqe",
      "period": "2021–2024",
      "retrieved": "2026-09-17",
      "note": "Police-reported crashes coded to a town, city or village by the reporting agency. Hamlets are not coded; hamlet pages show the parent town."
    }
  }
}
